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27.11.13 CRUM
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27.12.07 BROWN
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27.11.20. Bellinger, Report
of Patrol, Somoto
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Introductory
Note: This report
was featured in
Revista de Temas Nicaragüenses
(RTN) No. 92 (Dec. 2015), pp. 268-71.
The Spanish translation appears below
the English original. This is an
excellent report to use in class — I've
had students divide into groups and act
out the first paragraph, to convey a
more vivid sense of the nature of the
Marines' counterinsurgency campaign, and
as a way to emphasize the importance of
using one's historical imagination when
reading and interpreting such documents.
Having students role-play this report
requires the following groups of actors:
(1) the two Nicaraguan men sitting in
front of the house, (2) the woman inside
the house, (3) 2nd Lt. Bellinger, Pvt.
Rue, Pvt. Joyner, Sgt. Patterson, and
two unnamed Marines (six Marines total,
including Bellinger). Encourage
the students to consider the
implications of the period of time when
Lt. Bellinger and Pvt. Joyner were
inside the house with the lone woman; to
reconstruct the sequence of events that
led to the deaths of the two men; and to
consider what happened to their corpses
and how that might be interpreted by
locals. I thank José Mejía Lacayo
for featuring this report in RTN and for
the translation into Spanish.
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UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS
Marine Detachment
Pueblo Nuevo, Nicaragua
20 November, 1927
From: |
Second
Lieutenant George H. Bellinger,
U. S. Marine Corps. |
To: |
The Area
Commander, Ocotal, Nicaragua. |
Subject: |
Report of
Patrol |
1. I left Somoto with
a patrol of five men and one pack animal
about 0900, Sunday, 20 November, 1927,
enroute to Pueblo Nuevo. About two
leagues out of Somoto I came in view of
a house situated on a hill about 75
yards off to the right of the road. Two
men were sitting at the right corner of
the front of the house conversing. My
attention was drawn to their suspicious
actions which caused me to order them
down to the road. One of the men passed
something to the other and then came on
down. The other went to the door of the
house and handed something to the woman
inside. I had to call sharply two or
three times to that man before he
finally came. Private Arthur W. Rue and
Private Howard C. Joyner accompanied me
to search the house while the other
marines kept the men on the road. We
searched the house and found three war
type machettes and one other working
machette. I sent Private Rue out to
search the back of the house and he
found two 38-caliber pistols hidden in
the brush close to the house. These
pistols had four shells in one of them
and one shell in the other. We continued
our search in the brush and found
nothing more. The bandits' arms were
properly and securely tied behind their
backs and I had the bandits placed in
front of the patrol under the care of
Sergeant Frank B. Patterson and Private
Rue. The bandits were several times
warned to stop talking to each other,
and continued walking ahead. About a
half league down the road as the
prisoners were rounding a bend they
suddenly tried to duck into the thick
brush. I heard Sergeant Patterson call
to them to halt but they did not pay any
heed and so both Patterson and Rue fired
on and killed them. We put their bodies
on the side of the road in the brush and
continued on.
2. At about 1700 two leagues distant
from Pueblo Nuevo we were suddenly
surprised by a native charging down on
us waving a machette in a menacing way.
He had apparently been but recently in a
fight, for he was bloody about the neck
and front of his shirt and showed fresh
scars on his neck and face. We finally
managed to stop him and get his war-type
machette away from him without anyone
being cut up. He had apparently been
drinking guarra and engaged in some kind
of brawl along the road. His neck had
been cut in the back and was bleeding.
We had a hard time trying to procure his
machette. Private Rue had opened up his
shirt and we saw the blood. Before we
could hardly say a word the native
wheeled about on his horse and commenced
whipping it vigorously. I thought he was
a bandit and wanted to bring him to
Pueblo Nuevo. I called to him to halt [
p. 2 ]
but he whipped his horse all the
harder. I chased him for about 100 yards
and was gaining on him when he suddenly
swerved his animal to the left into the
bushes. I again yelled to him to halt
and struck his animal. The native fell
off and rushed back the other way,
running very fastly. Private Rue went
into the bushes and opened fire on him
bringing him down. When we found him his
left arm had been badly mangled at the
elbow from the shots. At first he bled
profusely. We tried to do something for
him but he fought us off. He was hostile
the entire return trip trying to run
away from us and acting pugnacious. The
corpsman dressed his wounds and he was
then taken away by some other natives.
3. I reported these contacts to the
Commanding Officer here upon my arrival
at about 1820. Statements from other
members of this patrol will be forwarded
upon the Patrol's return to Somoto.
/s/ George H. Bellinger
Pueblo Nuevo
9 p.m. 20 Nov 1927
Capt. R. W. Peard
Dear Sir,
Bellinger came in with his patrol
bringing a native all shot up. The chief
of police said he knew the fellow & said
his name was Bicisitasion Gonzalez
[Visitación González], a good hombre but
that he was drunk. I think he was drunk
when Belllinger shot him & had probably
had a fight previously as Bellinger said
he was all bloody. B. was all keyed up &
I had to take some time to get the
details from him, hence the delay in the
detailed telegraphic report. I have just
now been able to get him to sit down and
make out his written report as I wanted
it to get off with McDonald tomorrow.
Dunford patched the native up the best
he could but said it was hopeless. He
was shot in the side & left arm in
addition to a machete cut on the back of
his head. Jose says he thinks the fellow
will live but I don't see how he can.
Jose (native guide) also says the reason
the president of the elections did not
show up at Potrerillos was that the
police from Esteli had threatened him. I
am having Jose write you a letter
telling you about it as I can get only
about one fourth of what he says. I am
also sending Gy. Sgt. Gordons report to
you with a statement from some natives
at Potrerillos attached. You said in
your telegram to send reports direct to
Brig. Commander but I thot [thought] you
would like to see it them & they will go
in just as fast.
I expect Paul from Condega about 10 p.m.
tonight. He and Sgt. Shacker will also
have reports to send in. [ p. 2 ]
In
your letter you mention sending Cpl.
Faulkner and Pvt. Moore to Leon with the
bull carts. I received your telegram
about Cpl. Faulkner and Pvt. Voit but
haven't heard anything before your
letter about a Pvt. Moore going in.
Bellinger is having a hard time with his
written report. I just gave him a little
Dewars White Label to calm him down but
I guess it will have to be typewritten
in the morning in order to be coherent.
Will write more when Paul gets in.
Respectfully yours,
/s/
M. A. Richal
127/43A/3
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ESTADOS
UNIDOS CUERPO DE MARINES
Destacamento de Marina
Pueblo Nuevo, Nicaragua
20 de noviembre 1927
Desde: Subteniente George H. Bellinger,
Infantería de Marina.
Para: El Comandante de Área, Ocotal,
Nicaragua.
Asunto: Informe de la Patrulla
1. Dejé Somoto con una patrulla de cinco hombres y un
animal de carga cerca de las 0900,
Domingo, 20 de noviembre de 1927, camino
a Pueblo Nuevo. Alrededor de dos leguas
de Somoto avistaron una casa situada en
una colina cerca de 75 yardas a la
derecha de la carretera. Dos hombres
estaban sentados en la esquina derecha
de la parte delantera de la casa
conversando. Me llamó la atención a sus
acciones sospechosas que me hizo
ordenarles a ellos bajaran hasta la
carretera. Uno de los hombres pasó algo
al otro y luego vino abajo. El otro fue
a la puerta de la casa y entregó algo a
la mujer en el interior. Tuve que llamar
fuertemente dos o tres veces a ese
hombre antes de que finalmente llegara.
El raso Rue Arthur W. y el raso Howard
C. Joyner me acompañaron a registrar la
casa, mientras que los otros marines
mantuvieron los hombres en el camino. Se
realizaron búsquedas en la casa y
encontramos tres machetes tipo de guerra
y otro machete de trabajo. Envié al raso
Rue a buscar en la parte de atrás de la
casa y encontró dos pistolas calibre 38
ocultoa en la maleza cerca de la casa.
Estas pistolas tenían cuatro proyectiles
en uno de ellos y una concha en la otra.
Continuamos nuestra búsqueda en los
arbustos y no encontramos nada más. Los
brazos de los bandidos fueron
adecuadamente y con seguridad atados a
la espalda y situé a los bandidos
delante de la patrulla bajo el cuidado
de sargento Frank B. Patterson y el raso
Rue. Los bandidos fueron varias veces
advertidos que dejaran de hablar entre
sí, y siguieron caminando por delante.
Alrededor de una media legua adelante,
en una curva del camino, los prisioneros
trataron de pronto de ocultarse en la
maleza espesa. Oí al Sargento Patterson
llamarles para detenerlos pero no le
prestaron ninguna atención y por lo
tanto Patterson y Rue dispararon contra
y los mataron. Pusimos sus cuerpos al
lado de la carretera entre los arbustos
y continuamos.
2. Cerca de las 1700 a dos leguas de Pueblo Nuevo
fuimos repentinamente sorprendidos por
un nativo de cargó sobre nosotros
blandiendo un machete de una manera
amenazante. Al parecer, había estado
recientemente en una pelea, porque tenía
sangre sobre el cuello y la pechera de
la camisa y mostraba cicatrices frescas
en el cuello y la cara. Finalmente nos
las arreglamos para detenerlo y quitarle
su machete de guerra sin que nadie fuera
herido. Al parecer, había estado
bebiendo guarra (sic, por guaro) y
participado en algún tipo de pelea por
el camino. Su cuello había sido cortado
en la espalda y estaba sangrando.
Tuvimos un rato difícil tratando de
procurar su machete. El raso Rue había
abierto la camisa y vimos la sangre.
Antes de que apenas podíamos decir una
palabra el nativo dio vuelta sobre su
caballo y comenzó a darle latigazos
enérgicamente. Pensé que era un bandido
y quería llevarlo a Pueblo Nuevo. Lo
llamé para detenerlo [p. 2] pero él pegó
su caballo lo más fuerte que pudo. Lo
perseguí por cerca de 100 yardas y
estaba alcanzándole en él cuando de
pronto desvió su animal a la izquierda
hacia los arbustos. Otra vez grité a él
para detenerle e impactó su animal. El
nativo se cayó y se precipitó hacia el
otro lado, corriendo muy rápidamente. El
raso Rue entró en los arbustos y abrió
fuego contra él derribarlo. Cuando lo
encontramos su brazo izquierdo había
sido destrozado pen el codo de los
disparos. Al principio sangró
profusamente. Tratamos de hacer algo por
él, pero él peleó contra nosotros. Él
fue hostil todo el viaje de vuelta
tratando de huir de nosotros y actuaba
agresivo. El farmacéutico vendó sus
heridas y luego se lo llevaron otros
nativos.
3. informé estos contactos al oficial al mando aquí a
mi llegada cerca de las 1820. Las
declaraciones de otros miembros de esta
patrulla serán remitidos a su regreso de
la Patrulla de Somoto.
/ s / George H. Bellinger
Pueblo Nuevo
9 p.m. 20 de noviembre 1927
Capt. R. W. Peard
Estimado señor,
Bellinger llegó con su patrulla trayendo
a un nativo todos tiro. El jefe de
policía dijo que conocía al tipo y dijo
que su nombre era Bicisitasion [sic]
González [Visitación González], un buen
hombre, pero que estaba borracho. Creo
que estaba borracho cuando Belllinger le
disparó y probablemente había tenido una
pelea previamente porque Bellinger dijo
que estaba todo ensangrentado. B. estaba
todo excitado y tuve que tomarme algún
tiempo para obtener los detalles de él,
de ahí el retraso en el informe
telegráfico detallado. Ahora he sido
capaz de conseguir que se sentara y
distinguir su informe escrito como yo
quería que saliera con McDonald mañana.
Dunford remedndó al nativo lo mejor que
pudo, pero dijo que no había esperanza.
Le dispararon en el brazo izquierdo y
lateral, además de un corte de machete
en la parte posterior de la cabeza. José
dice que cree que el tipo va a vivir,
pero no veo cómo puede. José (guía
nativo) también dice que la razón por el
presidente de las elecciones no se
presentó en Potrerillos fue que la
policía de Estelí le había amenazado.
Estoy haciendo que José escriba una
carta informándole al respecto, pero
sólo puedo conseguir alrededor de una
cuarta parte de lo que dice. También
estoy enviando Gy. Sgt. Gordons informes
adjuntos a usted con una declaración de
algunos indígenas en Potrerillos. Usted
dijo en su telegrama pidiendo informes
directos a Brig. Comandante pero creo
[pensamiento] le gustaría verlos y van a
ir con la misma rapidez.
Espero a Paul de Condega cerca de las 10
p.m. esta noche. Él y el sargento
Shacker tendrán también informes para
enviar en. [P. 2]
En su carta usted menciona el envío de
Cpl. Faulkner y raso Moore a León con
las carretas de bueyes. He recibido su
telegrama sobre el cabo Faulkner y el
raso Voit pero no han escuchado nada
antes de su carta sobre un raso Moore
ants de entrar.
Bellinger está teniendo dificultades con su informe
escrito. Sólo le di un poco de Dewars
etiqueta blanca para calmarlo pero
supongo que tendrá que ser escrita a
máquina en la mañana con el fin de que
sea coherentes.
Escribirá más cuando Paul llegue.
Respetuosamente tuyo,
/ s / M. A. Richal
RG127/43A/3
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Summary & Notes:
•
Fascinating & very revealing report.
•
Events leading to deaths of the two men:
concrete example of how Marines routinely
violated patriarchal norms of rural society,
disregarding & violating local cultural
precepts of male honor, campesino autonomy,
religious beliefs.
•
Yelling at the men in a foreign language to
issue them orders and demands; two Marines
enter a house with a lone woman inside, with
men tied up and forced to remain outside
their own house; responding to the men's
efforts to escape by killing them;
unsubstantiated allegation that these men
were "bandits"; leaving the men's corpses in
the brush along the side of the road instead
of seeing to their proper burial.
•
Description of the bloody man on the horse
exemplary of the zone's continuing political
turmoil and violence.
•
Report accompanied by letter from 1st Lt.
Merton A. Richal to Captain R. W. Peard.
•
Less than six weeks later Richal wounded in
action
at ZapotillaL
(PC28.01.04b-brown)
in NE Segovias.
•
Unknown whether wounded man on horse lived.
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P A T R O L & C
O M B A T R E P O R T
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1928 |
1929 |
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