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THIS IS THE SEVENTH PAGE
of documents for the FIRST HALF of 1931
on Nicaragua's Caribbean Coast region, housing
materials dated in the sixteen days from May 16 to 31.
Continuing with the same sets of
themes & issues infusing
the previous pages, we see here yet
another petition from the Coast –
this time from the Creoles & Miskitu
Indian communities of Bluefields –
for separation from the “tyranny” of
Nicaragua (18 May) – followed three
days later by yet another – not a
petition, but a “program” (never
implemented, apparently) for the
“Organization & Operation of the
Misquito Industrial Corporation” (21
May). It matters less that
both were considered by the British
Foreign Office to be wholly
impractical & unworkable, than it
does that both offer concrete
expressions of indigenous & Creole
political & cultural sentiments.
On a different tack, and following
up on Austin Murphy’s gripping
eyewitness account on the previous
page, we see here a similar
eyewitness narrative – this one from
Mr. A. G. Earle, a cashier at
Bragmans Bluff (18 May).
Meanwhile, Sandino continues to
regroup, reorganize & smooth over
simmering antagonisms among his
troops in the wake of the Atlantic
Coast offensive, as seen in his
never-before published letter to
Col. Inés Hernández Gómez (the
brother of infamous Conservative
cortacabeza
Anastasio Hernández) and Sgt.
Major Ladislao Palacios (20 May).
And, in another variation on the
theme of Guardia protection of
property & commerce, the question of
how to pay for proposed Guardia
posts along the Río Coco forms the
subject of a series of missives
between high-ranking Guardia
officers and Cabo Gracias a Dios
businessman Manuel C. y Bordas (26,
29 & 30 May).
But the page’s highlight is surely the
captured 16-page EDSN “guard book,”
penned mostly by Gens. Zacarías
Padilla & Juan Santos Morales — a
fascinating chronicle of the
column’s organization & activities
over the 40-day period from 20 April
to 29 May. Mostly formulaic,
the book's daily entries nonetheless
offer a unique, insider's look at
the trials & tribulations of
Sandinista rebels in the midst of a
“rigorous campaign” to bring their
revolution to the Coast.
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PERIOD MAPS
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1894 mosquito
shore
27 MB,
library of congress
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1920s
Standard Fruit
6.5 mb,
US National archives
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1928 Rio wanks
Patrol
3 mb, us
national archives
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1931 Moravian
2.4 mb,
comenius press
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1.
18 May 1931.
Petition on behalf of the Mosquito
Indians and Creoles, from
Mr. Edward
Wilson, Creole, and Mr. Alfred Gordon,
Indian, Bluefields, to the Under
Secretary of State Foreign Affairs,
Downing Street, London, Eng., p. 1.
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2.
18 May 1931.
Petition on behalf of the Mosquito
Indians and Creoles, from
Mr. Edward
Wilson, Creole, and Mr. Alfred Gordon,
Indian, Bluefields, to the Under
Secretary of State Foreign Affairs,
Downing Street, London, Eng., p. 2.
"Sir; We the
undersigned petitioners in behalf of the
Mosquito Indians and Creoles of
Bluefields beg most respectfully to
place this petition before His Gracious
Majesty the King of England etc. for his
favourable consideration and action.
Your humble petitioners beg most
respectfully to state in behalf of the
Indians and Creoles of the Atlantic
Coast, that unless separation be made to
the Atlantic Coast from Nicaragua there
will forever no peace. Many
Indians are being killed for no cause
whatsoever. ¶ The treaty
called for protection from Nicaragua,
but it is to the contrary.
Nicaragua cannot protect herself, she is
calling out for protection at all times.
Now America had all the talk where
Nicaragua protection comes in? ¶
The Indians and Creoles requested a
separation from Nicaragua. The
Nicaraguans are a tyranical nation, and
deem fit to separate from such tyrants
year in year out nothing but
revolutions. ¶ Now the
Indians and Creoles of the Atlantic
Coast demands a recognise flag to rule,
not America ..."
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3.
18 May 1931.
Petition on behalf of the Mosquito
Indians and Creoles, from
Mr. Edward
Wilson, Creole, and Mr. Alfred Gordon,
Indian, Bluefields, to the Under
Secretary of State Foreign Affairs,
Downing Street, London, Eng., p. 3.
"... if possible
the Union Jack, or the Canadians and if
not to be under the Jamaica Government.
¶ The recent trouble in the
vicinity at Bragman shows that the
Nicaraguans are a tyranical nation. The
United State Government refused given
protection to her own people resided in
Nicaragua what says other nationalities
England made the treaty with Nicaragua
to protect now she is unable to protect
herself and by so doing we see that she
cannot protect us. We are now
calling upon the British for protection,
not only the Indians and Creoles but all
nationalities. ¶ We have the
honor to be Sir, Your obedient & humble
petitioners, ¶ Edward
Wilson, Creole ¶
Alfred Gordon, Indian ¶
Bluefields, Nicaragua, 18th May 1931"
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1.
18 May 1931.
Eyewitness account, "Attack by Bandits
of Properties of the Bragmans Bluff
Lumber Company, Puerto Cabezas," by
Mr. A. G. Earle,
Division Cashier, Bragmans Bluff, Puerto
Cabezas, to Owen Rees, Esq., H.B.M.
Consul, Bluefields, p. 1.
Response of
Foreign Ministry, 27 June.
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2.
18 May 1931.
Eyewitness account, "Attack by Bandits
of Properties of the Bragmans Bluff
Lumber Company, Puerto Cabezas," by
Mr. A. G. Earle,
Division Cashier, Bragmans Bluff, Puerto
Cabezas, to Owen Rees, Esq., H.B.M.
Consul, Bluefields, p. 2.
Cover letter from
Consul Rees dated 30 May.
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3.
18 May 1931.
Eyewitness account, "Attack by Bandits
of Properties of the Bragmans Bluff
Lumber Company, Puerto Cabezas," by
Mr. A. G. Earle,
Division Cashier, Bragmans Bluff, Puerto
Cabezas, to Owen Rees, Esq., H.B.M.
Consul, Bluefields, p. 3.
Cover letter from
Mr. Earle, 18 May: . "... I am
sending along with this report a copy of
Austin Murphy's account of his personal
experiences during this trying period.
The map will give you an idea of the
locality as well. Please return
this to me when you have finished with
it as this is Mr. Murphy's only copy
which he has kindly lent me for your
perusal. Mr. Murphy had a very
trying time and has been in the hospital
suffering from fever and the after
effects. I am pleased to say he is
much better and again out of the
hospital. ¶ There is still a
great deal of unrest amongst the
Jamaican population and many are leaving
here for Jamaica and other parts.
Many have lost their passports, which
were burned in their houses when they
had to flee for their lives. I
will send you applications for new ones
as instructed by you. ..."
(Note: the Austin Murphy
account is dated 9 May.)
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4.
18 May 1931.
Eyewitness account, "Attack by Bandits
of Properties of the Bragmans Bluff
Lumber Company, Puerto Cabezas," by
Mr. A. G. Earle,
Division Cashier, Bragmans Bluff, Puerto
Cabezas, to Owen Rees, Esq., H.B.M.
Consul, Bluefields, p. 4.
"ATTACK BY
BANDITS ON PROPERTIES ON THE BRAGMANS
BLUFF LUMBER COMPANY, PUERTO CABEZAS,
NICARAGUA." [p. 1 of 2]
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5.
18 May 1931.
Eyewitness account, "Attack by Bandits
of Properties of the Bragmans Bluff
Lumber Company, Puerto Cabezas," by
Mr. A. G. Earle,
Division Cashier, Bragmans Bluff, Puerto
Cabezas, to Owen Rees, Esq., H.B.M.
Consul, Bluefields, p. 5.
"ATTACK BY
BANDITS ON PROPERTIES ON THE BRAGMANS
BLUFF LUMBER COMPANY, PUERTO CABEZAS,
NICARAGUA." [p. 2 of 2]
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6.
18 May 1931.
Eyewitness account, "Attack by Bandits
of Properties of the Bragmans Bluff
Lumber Company, Puerto Cabezas," by
Mr. A. G. Earle,
Division Cashier, Bragmans Bluff, Puerto
Cabezas, to Owen Rees, Esq., H.B.M.
Consul, Bluefields, p. 6.
Cover letter to
British Foreign Office by Mr. Border,
Managua, 7 July. Discusses
Mr. Earle's suitability for a consular
post.
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19 May 1931.
Letter from
Carlos A. Bravo,
Secretario
Privado de la Secretaria de la
Comandancia General, Managua, to Sr.
Ministro Matthew E. Hanna, Managua.
"COPY ¶
SECRETARIA DE LA COMANDANCIA GENERAL ¶
Managua, Mayo 19 de 1931. ¶ Estimado Sr.
Ministro: ¶ Tengo instrucciones del
Excmo. Señor Presidente de la República
para acusar a Ud. Recibo de su
apreciable carta de fecha 16 del
corriente en que se refiere a los 50
hombres que aumentarán el número de
guardias en la ciudad de Puerto Cabezas
para proteger las propiedades de la
Compañia Standard Fruit, pagados por
dicha Empresa. Agradece el Sr.
Presidente los informes que se sirve
comunicarle y da su completa aprobación
al proyecto de dotar por parte de la
Compañia de un avión que prestará
servicios de vigilancia. ¶ Con toda
consideración y respeto tengo el honor
de suscribirme de Ud. Muy atento y
seguro servidor. ¶ (signed) Carlos A.
Bravo, ¶ Secretario Privado. ¶ Hon.
Ministro Americano, ¶ Señor Matthew E.
Hanna, ¶ Presente."
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20 May 1931.
Letter from
Gen.
Augusto C. Sandino, Cuartel
General del EDSN, to Señores Coronel
Efectivo Ines Hernandez Gomez y Sargento
Mayor Ladislao Palacios, Rio Coco, p. 1.
"Cuartel
General del EDSN. Señores Coronel
Efectivo Ines Hernanez Gomez y Sargento
Mayor Ladislao Palacios, Columna No 2 de
nuestro Ejercito, Rio Coco. ¶
Queridos hermanos: ¶ Tuvimos
el placer de recibir sus muy atentas
notas del 16 y 17 del corriente mes.
¶ Con fecha reciente contesté a
sus otras notas fechadas en el Ojoche,
pero supongo que ya Uds van de camino y
que esa correspondencia la encontraran a
su regreso. ¶ Me siento
satisfecho al darme cuenta de que
caminan armoniosamente con nuestro
hermano General de Division Carlos
Salgado P. ¶ Segunamente de
que Uds estan en las puertas de un
futuro muy alagador y que tanto mas
cuerdos y disiplinados sean, mas se les
asercan las buenas oportunidades.
Al decir buenas oportunidades, me
refiero a que pueden un dia prestar
mayores servicios a la Patria, para
mayor satisfaccion de quienes cumplen
con su dever. ¶ Todo buen
Jefe, necesita respetar para que lo
respeten. Pues no es posible respetar a
quien no respeta, y si asi fuera, no
habrian organizaciones, ni existiria la
moral y todo sería en puro desastre y
seriamos las fieras mas peligrosas.
¶ Nuestras conciencias han de ser
nuestras mejores consejeros, y por esa
misma razon, es bueno acostumbrarse
aunque sea una vez por semana, a meditar
a solas, lo bueno ó malo que se haya
hecho en dias anteriores, y á observar
el futuro de las cosas, a manera de no
volver a caer en abismos, si es que
hemos caido o seguir abriendo la brecha
del triunfo, si es que la hemos empezado
á abrir. ¶ Nunca busquen la
gloria en el dinero, por que el dinero
no es de origen divino, y su nacimiento
fue de la malicia humana, con la
intencion de acumular los esfuerzos
ajenos en beneficia de los depravados y
maliciosos. ¶ Sin embargo,
el dinero se ha hecho el factor
principal en la vida de los hombres en
la tierra. Hoy en dia, el dinero se ha
conbertido en un nuevo Dios; pero es un
dios antropofago, por que por el dinero
se está destruyendo la humanidad, y por
lo regular, el dinero lo poseen los
hombres de conciencias negras, por que
la Justicia Divina en su mismo rigor,
les ha permitido que se arten hasta
saciarse, para despues extender su mano
sobre de la tierra y el pueblo oprimido
surjirá limpio de ambiciones materiales,
proclamando la COMUNA UNIVERSAL o sea la
fraternidad humana. ¶ Hay
derecho a persivir el dinero para
utilizarlo contra los opresores, por que
en esa epoca estamos. ..."
Source:
NA127/E38/Box 30 (these are scans of
photocopies of the originals). A
version of this document (probably a
Spanish translation of an English
translation) appears in Alejandro
Bendaña, La mistica de Sandino
(1994), pp. 233-235.
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20 May 1931.
Letter from
Gen.
Augusto C. Sandino,
Cuartel
General del EDSN, to Señores Coronel
Efectivo Ines Hernandez Gomez y Sargento
Mayor Ladislao Palacios, Rio Coco, p. 2.
"... la
satisfaccion del deber cumplido es la
unica gloria que existe. ¶
Gloria quiere decier, PERFECTION, y el
deber de quien quiere cumplirlo es
llevar el consuelo a todos con quienes
el trata. ¶ Sin embargo, en
los dias en que estamos, se nos hace
necesario tambien, llevar el terror a
los terroristas de todos las veces, y
por lo mismo hay que bolarle la cabeza a
todo aquel, que con sus acciones se haga
merecedor á ello. ¶ Es por
eso que nos debemos de considerar por
que asi es, los cobradores de los
derechos de la Justicia. Por que
si nosotros no les volamos la cabeza de
los opresores, ellos continuarian
asesinando al pueblo oprimido, a como lo
hacen los grandes capitalistas de la
tierra, que con sus oro corruptor,
envilecen las consiencias de los
ambiciosos de todas partes y se provocan
las terribles guerras de hermanos contra
hermanos, de lo que tenemos un alto
ejemplo aqui mismo en Nicaragua. ¶
La perfeccion no existe, por que la ley
universal es eterna y continuada y no
tiene limites. ¶ Es por eso
que aun que existian cosas que las
consideremos perfectas, sin embargo
siempre son perfectibles. ¶
Lo unico perfecto que existe, es la
primera voluntad que existió en el
universo o sea DIOS. ¶ Nunca
hagan nada que pueda hundirles al
Infierno. ¶ Infierno es el
remordimiento interior de nuestras
conciencias, cuando hemos cometido
injusticia. ¶ Procuren ser
angeles antes que demonios. ¶
Angeles son, las perzonas que en
momentos oportunos se presentan a otros
seres humanos, llevandoles el consuelo.
¶ Demonios son, los maliciosos é
ingratos, quienes llevan sus malas
acciones a los hogares ó perzonas
quienes viven honestamente. ¶
Muchas veces se caé en errores
involuntarios ó sea en el purgatorio.
¶ Purgatorio es el remordimiento
de consiencia que nos produce una mala
accion nuestra que hemos cometido
involuntariamente, pero que podemos
tranquilizarnos cuando nos proponemos a
limpiar nustra responsibilidad con
buenas acciones. ¶ No les
sorprenda mi forma de carta, pues mis
intenciones son las de dar luz a todos
nuestros hermanos miembros de este
glorioso Ejercito, por que tengo
entendido de que los maliciosos nunca
han dicho la verdad al pueblo y les han
mantenido en las tinieblas haciendoles
superticiosos para poderlos explotar
mejor. ¶ Sirvanse dar en mi
nombre un abrazo perzonal a uno por uno
de todos los hermanos que esten con Uds
en los momentos de que la presente
llegue a sus manos. Tambien se
servirán leerselas en publico en los
momentos que se encuentren menos
preocupados del enemigo. ¶
Sinceramente Vuestro hermano ¶
Patria y Libertad [signature over
seal]"
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1.
21 May 1929.
Program of Organization and Operation of
the Misquito Industrial Corp.
British Legation,
Managua, to British Foreign Office,
London, p. 1.
"British
Legation, ¶ Managua, 21st May, 1931. ¶
Sir ¶ I have the honour to acknowledge
the receipt of your despatches No. 10 of
the 10th February and No. 26 of the 1st
May on the subject of certain proposals
put forward by the Mosquito Industrial
Committee of Bluefields for the
alleviation of the distress amongst the
Creoles and Indians of the Atlantic
coast of Nicaragua. ¶ 2. The whole
scheme appears to me to be that of an
idealist and I am extremely doubtful as
to the possibility of its practical
application. Mr. Consul Rees, of
Bluefields, states in a report to me:
“This is such a big undertaking that I
could not imagine how the natives could
have any hope that they would be able to
carry it through successfully, as it
would take a very keen business man to
do so and I am quite sure that there is
none such among the natives.” ¶ 3. In
any case it would seem to me that the
present moment is not an opportune one
even to think of commencing operations
on the scale suggested. I cannot
conceive that any British or Canadian
banking institution would be willing to
advance sufficient funds to enable the
Mosquito Industrial Committee to carry
out their programme, especially during
the present period of depression. For
some years past several large American
companies have, as you are undoubtedly
aware….. ¶ H.A. Grant Watson, Esq., ¶
&c., &c., &c., ¶ GUATEMALA [...]"
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2.
21 May 1931.
Program of Organization and Operation of
the Misquito Industrial Corp.
British Legation,
Managua, to British Foreign Office,
London, p. 2.
"[...] aware,
been operating on the Atlantic coast of
Nicaragua and I imagine that they have
done quite a lot to develop that part of
the country; whether the Mosquito
Industrial Committee would be able to do
much more is open to question. ¶ 4. As
far as I can see there would be no
objection to the Committee sending a
delegation to Managua to discuss the
whole question with the Nicaraguan
Government, but at the present critical
time I imagine that the Government would
not be inclined to give very sympathetic
consideration to any petition put
forward by the Committee. As far as I am
aware the Harrison-Altamirano Treaty
does not provide for the granting to
Creoles and Indians of concessions and
special privileges. ¶ 5. On the whole I
consider that, even if the Nicaraguan
Government were willing to grant the
necessary concessions, the Mosquito
Industrial Committee would not be
capable of carrying out the ambitious
scheme put forward by them and that in
any case the present time is not
propitious for the putting into
operation of such proposals. ¶ I have
the honour to be, ¶ Sir, ¶ Your most
obedient, ¶ humble servant, (signed)
Hugh M Arnet? [illegible ...]"
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3.
21 May 1931.
Program of Organization and Operation of
the Misquito Industrial Corp.
British Legation,
Managua, to British Foreign Office,
London, p. 3.
""[...]
Bluefields, Nicaragua, January 10th 1931
¶ PROGRAM OF ORGANIZATION AND OPERATION
OF THE MOSQUITO INDUSTRIAL CORP ¶ That a
Delegation of Seven(consisting of
Indians and Creoles) be sent to the
President and Congress at Managua with a
petition which shall request the grant
of a special Charter to be given to the
above named Corporation which shall
embody all the rights and privileges
accorded the Indians and Creoles of the
Nicaraguan Atlantic Coast by the
Harrison -Altamirano Treaty. ¶ There
shall be appended a request for other
privileges which shall be necessary for
the promotion and development of
Industrial, Commercial, and Educational
Enterprises. ¶ Should the above
mentioned charter be granted, “The
Misquito Industrial Corporation, shall
be immediately organized which shall be
an All Native Industrial, Commercial,
and Educational concern consisting of a
stock of not less than 50,000 shares at
$50.00 per share. ¶ The Corporation
shall promote develop and improve
industrially the Educational,
Agricultural, Mineral, Commercial and
Economical possibilities of the Atlantic
Coast of Nicaragua. ¶ The Agricultural
Department shall cultivate extensively
such production as will yield the most
profit economically the development of
the different branches of this
department shall be operated in
conjunction with Industrial
Institutions. ¶ A. CEREALS., Rice, Corn,
Beans and Peas,, for Home and Foreign
market, ¶ VEGETABLES., Such as will
prosper in climate. Home market. ¶
TROPICAL VEGETABLES, Home market. ¶
FRUITS, COCOA, COFFEE (Foreign market) ¶
CITRIC FRUITS, and other marketable
fruits. ¶ PINEAPPLES, COCONUTS,
SUGARCANE. ¶ MODERN MACHINERY AND POWER
MILLS SHALL BE INSTALLED TO CLEANSE AND
PREPARE PRODUCTS FOR MARKET. ¶ BANANAS.,
This staple product will necessitate a
large Sea going loading plant consisting
of Steam Power Barges, Motor Tugs, and
steel and wooden lighters equipped to
facilitate transportation to point or
station of loading. ¶ TIMBER CUTTING.
Machinery and Mills shall be installed
for the manufacture of Lumber. ¶ CATTLE
AND POULTRY farming. , Foreign cattle
and poultry shall be imported to improve
native breeds. ¶ Factories shall be
established with modern equipment for
the manufacture of By products.
Factories shall be established with
modern machinery for the manufacture of
furniture, Casava Starch, Sugar, Basket
making, Shoemaking, Tailoring, Ladies
Millinery and Tailoring, Tool Handles,
Coconut Oil, Coco Nut Mats., ¶ DRY DOCK
ANDSHIPWAYS for building and repairing
Loading Plants and coastwise and river
service with machinery repair shop.
River steam service consisting of Stern
Paddle wheel steamers, which will be
placed on navigable Rivers. ¶ COMMERCIAL
INDUSTRY., Offices, Commissaries,
Warehouses, and Wharves shall be
established wherever it is profitable
and necessary. ¶ SCHOOLS., Two
Industrial (Institutions) institutes
capable of accommodating 300 pupils
shall be established wherever the
Corporation establishes an agricultural
station. ¶ Hospitals, One large general
Hospital, and Dispensary shall be
erected. One special Hospital for
Pulmonary Diseases. Branch Hospital
shall be erected wherever the Corp.,
establishes an agricultural station. ¶
Mining Industry., The exploiting of the
mining district shall be carried on by
prospecting for the different minerals
which have up to the present been
undiscovered. ¶ Special privileges which
the Corporation, shall request in their
petition to the Nicaraguan Government
which shall be established for the
improvement of Commercial and
Educational enterprises. ¶ Establishment
of two Radiographic stations for sole
use of Corporation and Industrial
Instruction. [...]".
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4.
21 May 1931.
Program of Organization and Operation of
the Misquito Industrial Corp.
British Legation,
Managua, to British Foreign Office,
London, p. 4.
"Bluefields,
Nicaragua. January 10th 1931.
PROGRAM OF ORGANIZATION AND OPERATION OF
THE MISQUITO INDUSTRIAL CORP," p. 2 of
2.
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21 May 1931.
Letter from
Willard L. Beaulac, Charge
d'Affaires, Managua, to Gen. C. B.
Matthews, Jefe Director GN, Managua.
"Managua, May 21,
1931. ¶ My dear General Matthews: ¶ With
reference to the dispatch of 50 Guardias
to Puerto Cabezas concerning which you
informed the Legation recently, I am
pleased to transmit herewith a copy of a
letter addressed to the legation by the
Private Secretary of President Moncada
on May 19, 1931, in reply to the
Minister’s letter of May 15, 1931, a
copy of which has already been furnished
you. It should be noted that President
Moncada gives his full approval of the
project which the Standard Fruit and
Steamship Company has in mind for
providing an airplane to further assist
the Guardia. ¶ I am, my dear General
Matthews, ¶ Sincerely yours, ¶ Willard
L. Beaulac, ¶ Chargé d’Affaires a.i. ¶
Brigadier General C. B. Matthews, G.N.,
¶ Jefe Director of the Guardia Nacional,
¶ Managua. ¶ Encl."
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22 May 1931.
Instructions relative to accountability
for funds received from Standard Fruit
Company. From 2nd Brigade
Quartermaster M.
C. Gregory, Managua, to Eastern
Area Quartermaster, Bluefields, p. 1.
"HEADQUARTERS-GUARDIA NACIONAL DE
NICARAGUA. ¶ OFFICE OF THE
QUARTERMASTER. ¶ Managua, Nicaragua. ¶
22 May, 1931. ¶ From: The Quartermaster.
¶ To: The Area Quartermaster, Eastern
Area, Bluefields, Nicaragua. ¶ Via: The
Area Commander. ¶ Subject: Instructions
relative to accountability for funds
received from Standard Fruit Company.
Reference: (a) Radio, 09419 May-31,
J.D., to A.C., E.A. ¶ 1. The following
instructions will govern in connection
with the accounting for funds received
from the Standard Fruit Company in
connection with the detailing of fifty
enlisted men to Puerto Cabezas for the
purpose of affording protection and
security to the Company’s property: TO
BE COLLECTED FROM COMPANY AND FORWARDED
TO THE PAYMASTER, G. N. MANAGUA,
NICARAGUA. ¶ Cost of transportation of
total movement. ¶ $ 377.06 ¶ (Standard
Fruit Co. furnishing own tug from
Colorado Bar to Puerto Cabezas) ¶ Cash
advanced for rations for trip. ¶ 50.00 ¶
50 Initial outfits of clothing and
equipment, at $28.00 ¶ 1,400.00 ¶ Total
……………… ¶ $1,827.06 ¶ TO BE COLLECTED
FROM COMPANY EACH MONTH AND TAKEN UP BY
THE AREA QUARTERMASTER IN HIS ACCOUNT
CURRENT IN USUAL MANNER. ¶ Clothing
allowance of 50 men at $.06 per day per
man, effective date to be that upon
which detail arrives at Bluefields.
NOTE: Clothing allowance is based on the
actual number of days in each month. ¶
Clothing will be issued as required in
the same manner as to the balance of the
Guardia, accounting for same to be in
accordance with existing regulations. ¶
Subsistence allowance of 50 men at .20
cents per diem. ¶ In all cases therefore
the Detachment will be subsisted as is
other personnel of the Guardia in the
Area, the Standard Fruit Company
advancing to the Area Commander, Eastern
Area, the cost of each subsistence (i.e.
.20 cents per diem) for fifty (50) men
each month. Effective date relative to
subsistence will be the date of arrival
at Bluefields of the Detachment. [...]"
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22 May 1931.
Instructions relative to accountability
for funds received from Standard Fruit
Company. From 2nd Brigade
Quartermaster M.
C. Gregory, Managua, to Eastern
Area Quartermaster, Bluefields, p. 2.
"[...] -2- ¶ 2.
Should the Standard Fruit Co., desire to
subsist the men at any of the stations
same may be handled in the identical
manner with that of any contract mess,
the contract to be at the rate of .20
cents per diem which, in effect, returns
the ration money for the number of men
involved to the Standard Fruit Co., in
exchange for their subsistence of such
men. TO BE COLLECTED FROM COMPANY AND
TAKEN UP BY THE AREA QUARTERMASTER IN
HIS ACCOUNT CURRENT IN USUAL MANNER. For
pay of the following enlisted Guardia
from May 19 to May 31, 1931, 12 days: ¶
1 Sergeant Major, at $40.00 per month $
16.00 ¶ 2 Sergeants. “ 25.00 “ “ 20.00 ¶
6 Corporals “ 18.00 “ “ 43.20 ¶ 41
Privates. “ 12.00 “ “ 196.80 ¶ Total for
May, 1931……….. $276.00 ¶ Pay for
succeeding months to be based on the
number of men on this duty, by rank, at
the rates shown above. ¶ 3. Funds
collected under the above schedule will
be accounted for on the account current
and will become available for
maintenance of the Eastern Area for the
ensuing month and in the request for
monthly allotments such funds will be
taken into consideration and will be
reported as unallotted funds on hand. ¶
4. It is requested that a monthly report
be submitted to this office covering the
following information, ¶ Account
received from Standard Fruit Co., under
the following headings:- ¶Clothing.
¶Subsistence. ¶Pay. And any further
pertinent information connected with the
situation arising from the assignment of
this special detachment. ¶ M.C.
Gregory."
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23 May 1931.
"Trifulca entre Marinos Yanquis y
Miembros de la Guardia Nacional ha
Tenido Lugar en Nicaragua."
Article in La
Voz del Atlántico,
Bluefields, p. 1.
"TRIFULCA ENTRE
MARINOS YANQUIS Y MIEMBROS DE LA GUARDIA
NACIONAL HA TENIDO LUGAR EN NICARAGUA.
Colón, mayo 12----- También en Managua
hubo reyerta entre marinos de la flota
americana y miembros de la guardia
presidencial con resultado de la muerte
de un oficial americano. En este choque
estuvo en peligro la vida del señor
presidente General José María Moncada,
así como la del Subsecretario de
Relaciones Exteriores, General Anastasio
Somoza, quien dió un ejemplo de valor.
Dos versiones sintéticas, una del
Director de “Diario Moderno”, don Andrés
Largaespada, quien acompañaba al
Presidente Moncada en el momento de
producirse el incidente, y otra de “La
Nueva Prensa”, importante rotativo de
San José de Costa Rica, relatan los
hechos así:-- “Los miembros de la
guardia presidencial dependen
exclusivamente del comandante general
del ejército a cuyo servicio estaban se
encontraban algunos de ellos en el Campo
de Marte, en espera de su ración de
alimento, entonces los marinos trataron
de obligarlos a trabajar en funciones
distintas a las de su cargo. Se produjo
el choque, resultó muerto un oficial
americano y herido un guardia
nicaragüense en tanto que los demás
guardias buscaban sitio.
Persiguiéndolos, tres oficiales
americanos penetraron en la casa
presidencial y se encararon con el
sargento de guardia exigiéndole la
entrega del guardia que había dado
muerte a su compañero. Al ruido y sin
saber lo que ocurría, salimos el
Presidente Moncada y sus acompañantes
que lo eran el Ministro don José María
Zelaya, el Subsecretario Gral. Somoza,
algún otro funcionario y yo. Avanzó uno
de los oficiales , se cruzó palabras
fuertes con el General Somoza y cuando
él y sus compañeros desenfundaron
revólveres, nosotros hicimos lo propio y
unos y otros apuntamos. El momento era
crítico, pero el Presidente Moncada,
avanzando hacia el oficial le dijo: “No
sabe usted que soy el Presidente de la
República? Retírese usted. “
Efectivamente, se retiró con sus
compañeros y mas tarde el Presidente
recibió explicaciones del Jefe de la
guardia nacional y del Ministro Hanna.”
Versión de otro testigo: “Un marino
perseguía, por razones que no son del
caso detallar a un miembro de la guardia
nacional. Iba a sus alcances, con el
revólver desenfundado persiguiéndole
hasta la casa presidencial, donde el
guardia refugióse entre sus compañeros,
entablándose entonces, entre el marino y
los guardias un tiroteo del que salió
muerto un soldado norteamericano.”-- “Y
no había transcurrido media hora cuando
dos oficiales se presentaron en la casa
Presidencial y sin atender razones de
ninguna índole pasaron al Despacho del
Presidente Moncada y amenazándolo, uno
con su revólver en tanto el otro hacía
lo propio, con el Ministro de la Guardia
ahí presente [...] "
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23 May 1931.
"Trifulca entre Marinos Yanquis y
Miembros de la Guardia Nacional ha
Tenido Lugar en Nicaragua."
Article in La
Voz del Atlántico,
Bluefields, p. 2.
"
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1.
23 May 1931.
"Mine Official Ask Withdrawal of U.S.
Marines - Sees Move Only Aid For Peace
in Nicaragua." Article in
La Voz del
Atlántico, Bluefields, p. 1.
"SEES MOVE ONLY
AID FOR PEACE IN NICARAGUA. Bluefields,
Nic., May 10. (UP) American mining
companies on the East Coast of Nicaragua
are not paying taxes to the Sandinistas
in order to enjoy tranquility, Henry F.
Springer, Superintendent of the Bonanza
Mines Company, told the United Press.
The Bonanza Mines Company, owned by B.C.
Warnick, of Philadelphia, is the only
mine operating on the east coast.
Superintendent Springer, a native of New
Bedford, Massachussets, who has lived in
this country for forty-nine years,
discounts the statement made by Dr. Jose
Pedro Zepeda, Mexican representative of
Sandino’s Army of Defense of the
National Sovereignty of Nicaragua, last
month that the mines were not being
molested by bandits because of payment
of taxes to Sandino’s men. “We are
paying taxes in them,” Springer
sardonically remarked, “with forty-one
rifles, a machine gun and about fifteen
men armed with revolvers. That is how we
are paying Sandino. He (---) (---) come
in to ask for his taxes yet. Like most
of the American residents engaged in
business enterprises here, Mr. Springer
blames the marine occupation in the
country for the troublesome state of
guerrilla warfare existent. He contends
that the State Department’s persistent
and advertised attempts at intervention
against and opposition to General
Emiliano Chamorro, following his
successful coup d’etat in 1925, was the
foundation for this unending campaign of
banditry. “In these Latin countries,” he
explained, “where revolutions have been
a regular occurrence for centuries, one
cannot deprive the victorious side of
its rights without bending into a
hurricane of resentful opposition. I
really wonder if the State Department
did oppose Chamorro because he acquired
the presidency by force, for I notice
that the last year every de facto
revolutionary government in South and
Central America was recognized by the
United States.” “It is true,” he
continued, “that the decision of
recognition of these governments rests
solely upon the shoulders of the
President of the United States, but
surely the president invariably acts on
such matters upon the advice of the
Secretary of State. Where the Chamorro
incident began to mould sentiment
against the Americans,” Mr. Springer
went on, ”the action of Mr. Stimson at
Tipitapa by calling a truce of Moncada’s
campaign against the Diaz Government
fanned the flames of resentment to what
was to grow into this big blaze of
guerrilla opposition. The Tipitapa
agreement might have satisfied the
political leaders of both factions, but
the layman was not considered. This
(---) far-flung country. Means of
communication are miserable. Travel is
slow and difficult. The Sacasa forces
were fighting for what they termed as an
ideal. American intervention in the
(---) deprived them of attaining their
goal. The so-called “mozos” or peons in
those ranks did not forget that.” Asked
what he thought might be a possible
solution to the problem of eliminating
this organized banditry, Mr. Springer
said he believed the construction of
highways throughout the strategic points
wherein the bandits operate would enable
forces to move about rapidly and
advantageously. There are no legitimate
roads available through the dense jungle
and mountainous area of Jinotega, Nueva
Segovia, Cabo Gracias and other sections
where the Sandinistas operate regularly.
Another probable solution, he suggested,
would be to let President Moncada build
his own army, for the United States
Government to compel him to install his
own officers to command the men. Mr.
Springer charges that the American
Marine officers in the Guardia Nacional
de Nicaragua “virtually want to run the
country.” He said that at one time he
addressed a communication to the
President requesting guardia protection
at the mines. Moncada replied, advising
him to refer his letter to General
McDougal, then commanding the Guardia
Nacional. [...] "
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2.
23 May 1931.
"Mine Official Ask Withdrawal of U.S.
Marines - Sees Move Only Aid For Peace
in Nicaragua." Article in
La Voz del
Atlántico, Bluefields, p. 2.
[close-up view of
bottom part of article transcribed
above]
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|
3.
23 May 1931.
"Mine Official Ask Withdrawal of U.S.
Marines - Sees Move Only Aid For Peace
in Nicaragua." Article in
La Voz del
Atlántico, Bluefields, p. 3.
"[...
continuation of same article ...]
“Can you beat it?” Mr. Springer asked.
He did not receive any protection there,
he asserted. ¶ Since the day of the
Tipitapa Agreement, $400,000 worth of
damage has been done to the Bonanza
Mines by Sandinistas. Last month, at the
time of the Puerto Cabezas outbreaks,
the bandits did damage amounting to
$75,000 at the mines, and killed one
employee, an Indian. They destroyed the
generator and blew up the dam. ¶ “We
made a great mistake when we occupied
this country in the first place,” Mr.
Springer concluded, “We should give
protection. That is all. Any country
that cannot protect its citizens doesn’t
deserve to exist. Of course Nicaraguans
don’t want their own people killed by
Americans. Let them fight their own
outlaws”. ¶ Explaining the plan for the
withdrawal of the Marines, Secretary
Stimson stated that the program which
had been outlined by Maj. Gen. Frank R.
McCoy and Brig. Gen. Douglas McDougal
called for the withdrawal of all
combatant forces of Marines. ¶ At the
time the plan was drawn up here were two
reserve forces of 200 or more Marines in
the northwest provinces where the
bandits were still active, a sort of
reserve to support the actual patrolling
which was being done by the Guardia,
Secretary Stimson explained. Even then,
he stated, the Guardia was doing the
actual patrolling and fighting despite
the fact that it was one of these forces
of Marines which was ambushed in January
while mending a telephone line eight
Marines being killed. ¶ The purpose of
the plan, Secretary Stimson explained,
was to make it no longer necessary to
station these reserve Marines in the
bandit area, but to replace them with an
equivalent reserve of Guardia. [END]"
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1.
26 May 1931.
Letter from Gen.
C. B. Matthews, Jefe Director GN
Managua, to Sr. Manuel C. y Bordas, Cabo
Gracias a Dios, p. 1.
([English
translation.] "Dear Sir: ¶ I
have your letter of May 6, 1931, and
wish to thank you for the information
you have furnished which is of interest
to this office. ¶ In regard to your
claim it will be necessary for you to
put it before the Claims Commission of
the National Government, as I explained
in my letter of April 28, and when
called upon to do so by the officials of
that department, the Guardia will be
glad to furnish them with the facts of
the case. ¶ We appreciate the
desirability of stationing a detachment
of Guardia at Waspock, but as you know
the economic condition of the Republic
has, compelled the Guardia to operate at
a minimum of expense. It is the
tremendous cost of transportation of men
to and from Waspock as well as the
difficulty and expense of maintaining
communication with them which is the
principal deterring factor in the
establishment of a post in that place.
You will also realize that a post so
isolated and so distant necessarily must
be strong enough to meet any contingency
as it could not depend on reinforcements
from other detachments if attacked in
force within any reasonable length of
time. This means that to be of any value
the post would have to have at least
thirty men and two officers. ¶ This
organization is not authorized to enter
into negotiations with private parties
for arranging expenses to support
special detachments of Guardia. I,
therefore, suggest that the proposition
you have made be placed before the
President of the Republic, and if
authorized by the President I shall be
only too pleased to undertake the
raising of a force and the establishment
of necessary Guardia command to furnish
the protection which you seek and which
I realize you so badly need."
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2.
26 May 1931.
Letter from Gen.
C. B. Matthews, Jefe Director GN
Managua, to Sr. Manuel C. y Bordas, Cabo
Gracias a Dios, p. 2.
(Spanish
original, p. 1 of 2)
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3.
26 May 1931.
Letter from Gen.
C. B. Matthews, Jefe Director GN
Managua, to Sr. Manuel C. y Bordas, Cabo
Gracias a Dios, p. 3.
(Spanish
original, p. 2 of 2)
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28 May 1931.
Conditions at Neptune Mine.
Col. C. A. Wynn,
Bluefields, to Jefe Director GN,
Managua.
|
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29 May 1931
(1200).
Radiogram from
Gen. C. B. Matthews, Jefe
Director GN, Managua, to Col. C. A.
Wynn, Bluefields.
"HEADQUARTERS IS
CONSIDERING PROPOSITION BY SENOR MANUEL
BORDAS NICARAGUAN PRODUCTS COMPANY CAPE
GRACIAS WHEREBY COMPANY WILL AGREE TO
PROVIDE FUNDS FOR TWENTY GUARDIAS FOR A
POST OF TWO OFFICERS AND THIRTY MEN AS
WASPOOK GUARDIA NACTIONAL TO PROVIDE
OFFICERS AND THE TEN ADDITIONAL MEN FROM
PRESENT EASTERN AREA STRENGTH PERIOD
ADDITIONAL OFFICERS TO BE SENT FROM HERE
PERIOD IS IT PRACTIABLE TO ENLIST TWENTY
MEN IN YOUR AREA OR WILL THEY HAVE TO BE
SENT FROM HERE PERIOD COPIES OF ALL
CORRESPONDENCE IN MAIL MATTHEWS 12029
MAY 31"
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|
29 May 1931
(1430).
Radiogram from
Col. C. A. Wynn, Bluefields, to
Gen. C. B. Matthews, Jefe Director GN,
Managua.
"YOUR 12029 MEN
WILL HAVE TO COME FROM MANAGUA PERIOD
AREA NOW SEVEN UNDERSTRENGTH WITH EIGHT
DISCHARGES IN JUNE PERIOD WILL HAVE
DIFFICULTY OBTAINING RECRUITS REQUIRED
NORMAL ATTRITION PERIOD STRONGLY
RECOMMEND LOCATION POST EITHER SACKLIN
OR KISALAYA IN PREFERENCE WASPOOK PERIOD
WASPOOK TWO HUNDRED MILES FROM CAPE
GRACIAS ONLY MEANS COMMUNICATION RAPIDS
BETWEEN KISALAYA AND WASPOOK 14329 MAY
31 WYNN"
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1.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 1.
SOURCE:
Marine Corps Research Center, Quantico
VA, Personal Papers Collection, Box
"Sandino".
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2.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 2.
"Orden General
que la Secretaria Particular de la
Jefatura Suprema de nuestro EDSNN,
expide en 'Leymus' del da 20 al 21 de
Abril de 1931. ¶ Nombrase Jefe de
Dia de hoy para mañana al hermano
Teniente Coronel Juan Altamirano, y para
mañana el que se desigue? ¶
Servicio el de rigurosa campaña. ¶
Jefes, Oficiales y Soldados. ¶
Queridos hermanos. ¶
Habiendo faltado el hermano General
Pedro Blandón muerto recientemente por
una de las bombas que arrojarón los
aviones en los Campos de Operaciones de
'Logtón', me permito manifestarles en mi
carácter de Secretario Particular de la
Jefatura Suprema de nuestro mismo
Ejército, que de esta fecha en adelante
quedará organizada provicionalmente la
columna en la forma siguiente: 1er Jefe
de la Columna Coronel Zacarías Padilla,
Segundo Jefe Sargento Mayor Lazaro
Salinas, ..."
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3.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 3.
"... 1er Jefe de
Avanzadilla Capitán Fernando Cruz. 1er
Jefe del Cuerpo de Artillería Teniente
Coronel Ruperto Hernandez; 1er
Jefe de Esado Mayor Coronel Juan
Altamirano, 2o
Jefe de Estado Mayor Coronel Pedro
Navarro. 1er
Jefe de la Retaguardia, Cap. Eudiviges
Vallecillo. ¶ Comuniquese y Cumplase.
¶ Patria y Libertad /s/ J. S.
Morales R. Srio Particular de la
Jefatura Suprema. ¶ Orden
General que la Secretaria Particular de
la Jefatura Suprema de nuestro EDSNN
expide en 'Leymus' del dia 21 al 22 de
Abril de 1931. ¶ Nómbrase
Jefe de Dia ..."
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4.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 4.
"…de hoy para
mañana al hermano Coronel Pedro Navarro
y para mañana el que se nombre. ¶
Servicio el de rigorosa campaña. ¶
Jefes, Oficiales, y Soldados. ¶
Queridos Hermanos: ¶
Reconoceian como ayudantes de 1er
Jefe de la Columna Coronel Zacarías
Padilla a los hermanos Teniente Luciano
Gutierrez, Sub-Tenientes Ignacio Blandón
Rios, Gregorio Olivas y Eulogio Flores;
como ayudantes del 1er Jefe de Estado
Mayor Capitán
Franco Helis y Juan Ferreti como
ayudantes del 2o
Jefe de Esta Coronel Juan
Altamirano, Sub-Teniente Simon Blandón
Rios; como ayudantes de 2o
Jefe de Estado Mayor Coronel P. Navarro,
Capitán Francisco Helis y hermano Juan
Ferretti; como ayudantes del 2o
Jefe de la Columna hermano Sargento
Mayor Lasaro Salinas, Teniente Juan
Rodríguez y Bernabé Gómez; como
ayudantes del 1er
Jefe del Cuerpo de Artillería Teniente
Coroneles Ruperto Hernández,
sub-Tenientes Cleto Centeno y Justo
Duarte; como ayudantes del 1er
Jefe de la Retaguar …"
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5.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 5.
"…
-dia Subteniente Antonio Chavarria.
¶ Comuniquese y Cumplase, ¶
Patria y Libertad, ¶ Juan
Santos Morales R, Srio Particular de la
Jefatura Suprema. ¶
Orden General de la Jefatura de
Operaciones, expedida en la 'Boca de
Wuaspuc', del dia 23 al 24 de Abril de
1931. ¶ Nómbrase Jefe de Día
de hoy para mañana al hermano Teniente
Coronel Ruperto Hernández, y para mañana
el que se designe. ¶
Servicio el de rigurosa campaña. ¶
Jefes, Oficiales y Soldados. ¶
mis muy queridos hermanos: ¶
Tengo á bién manifestarles que desde
esta fecha consideramos como hermanos en
la Patria y compañeros á todos los
compatriotas que con el mayor entusiasmo
se nos han presentado de los diferentes
Campos de …"
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6.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 6.
"… trabajadores
del Litoral Atlántico; los cuales van
organizados y divididos en cuatro partes
iguales para engrosar más á los cuatro
cuerpos de que está compuesta nuestra
Columna. ¶ Suplico una vez
más a todos los antianos militares
tratar con respeto y consideracion á los
nuevos defensores de Honor de nuestra
Amada Nicaragua. ¶ A Los
Nuevos Presentados ¶
Queridos Hermanos: ¶
Considero que todos nosotros estais bien
intencionados y que como honrados
Centroaméricanos, estais en el deber de
defender el honor de las naciones
centroamericanos las cuales han sido
siempre Libres, Soberánas é
independientes. Hoy se encuentre
oprimida nuestra bella Nicaragua por el
asesino invasor imperialista
norteamericano, cosa que nosotros
estamos protestando energeticamente
desde ha cinco años, y moriremos con el
arma en la mano mientras haya
intervención de paises expansionistas.
¶ Hermanos: ¶
Proseguido nuestro Ejemplo, pa …"
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7.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 7.
"… -ra honra
vuestra y de todas las generaciones
porvenir. ¶ Comuniquese y
cumplase. ¶ Patria y
Libertad. ¶ Z. Padilla R.,
Coronel. ¶ Orden General de
la Jefatura de Operaciones, expedida en
'Aguas Vila', del dia 29 al 30 de Abril
de 1931. ¶ Nómbrase Jefe de
Día de hoy para mañana al hermano
Sargento Mayor Lázaro Salinas y para
mañana al que se nombre. ¶
Servicio el acostumbrado. ¶
Jefes, Oficiales y Soldados, ¶
Queridos Hermanos: ¶ Queda
prohibido terminantemente saquear las
casas de los palenques de los hermanos
los zambos quienes son los que …"
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8.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 8.
" … más están prestando sus contingentes
para hacer nuestro regreso y ponernos en
contacto con los otros frentes de
Operaciones, donde operan los demás
Jefes Expedicionarios. ¶ Hay
que tener presente que los mosquitos son
pobres y que prestando su inmediata
cooperación; es una injusticia llevarles
sus cosas de uso personal, siendo más
bién nosotros los obligados á darles lo
que les hace falta de imperiosa
necesidad. ¶ También queda
prohibida el juego de dados, y se
impondrán castigos ejemplares para todo
aquel que no obedezca la presente orden
sin distincion de gerarquias. ¶
El hermano Santiago Dietrick, cometió el
error de disparar un tiro de pistola al
hermano Teniente Bernabé Gomez, por lo
que queda justificado el homicidio
frustrado contra un hermano nuestro;
esta clase de crimenes por nuestra
institución militar es sumamente
prohibida y es castigada con la pena de
fucilamiento. Pero tenemos atenuantes el
hermano Dietrick, queda dispuesada a la
falta. No se dispensará altas de esta
naturaleza de ahora en adelante. …"
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9.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 9.
"… Comuniquese y
Cumplase. ¶ Patria y
Libertad. ¶ Z. Padilla R. ¶
Jefe Espedicionario Provisional. ¶
Orden General de la Jefatura de
Operaciones, expedida en 'Agualguáz' del
dia 30 de Abril al 1o de mayo de 1931.
¶ Nómbrase Jefe de Dia de hoy para
mañana al hermano Teniente Coronel Juan
Altamirano, y para mañana el se designe.
¶ Servicio el de rigurosa campaña.
¶ Comuniquese y Cumplase. ¶
Patria y Libertad. ¶ Z.
Padilla R. Jefe Expedicionario
Provisional."
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|
10.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 10.
"Orden General de
la Jefatura de Operaciones, expedida en
'Ouifurus', del dia 1o
al 2 de mayo de 1931. ¶
Nómbrase Oficial de Dia de hoy para
mañana al hermano Capitan Fernando Cruz,
y para mañana que se designe. ¶
Servicio el de rigurosa campaña. ¶
El hermano Capitan Cruz, que ha sido
designado hoy para Oficial de Dia tendrá
las mismas atribuciones y
responsabilidades que tienen los Jefes
Superiores y que son designados para tan
honorifico cargo. ¶
Comuniquese y Cumplase. ¶
Patria y Libertad ¶ Z.
Padilla R. Jefe Expedicionario
Provisional."
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11.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 11.
"Orden General de
la Jefatura de Operaciones, expedida en
'Bocay', del dia 2 al 3 de mayo de 1931.
¶ Nómbrase Oficial de Dia de hoy
para mañana al hermano Capitan Eudiviges
Vallecillo, y para mañana el que se
designe. ¶ Servicio el de
rigurosa campaña. ¶ Jefes,
Oficiales y Soldados. ¶
Queridos Hermanos: ¶ Esta
Jefatura de Operaciones há dispuesto que
desde esta fecha dejará de fungir como 2o
Jefe de la Columna el hermano Sargento
Mayor Lázaro Salinas, quien pasa á ser
1er Jefe de Cuerpo de Artillería.
¶ Comuniquese y Cumplase. ¶
Patria y Libertad ¶ Z.
Padilla R. ¶ Jefe
Espedicionario Provisional."
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12.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 12.
"Adición á la
órden anterior, quedan destituidos de
nuestra Columna por errores cometidos
que merecen la pena de fucilamiento, los
militares siguientes: Felipe
Urbina y Francisco Montenegro; no se
procede á ejecutar el fucilamiento por
que existe entre los dos atenuantes
aunque pocos, pero semi-justificados.
¶ Vale. ¶ Orden
General de la Jefatura de Operaciones,
expedida en Bocay, del dia 3 al 4 de
mayo de 1931. ¶ Nómbrase
Jefe de Día de hoy para mañana, al
hermano Teniente Coronel Pedro Navarro y
para mañana el que se designe. ¶
Servicio el de rigurosa campaña. ¶
Comuniquese y Cumplase. ¶ Patria y
Libertad ¶ Z. Padilla R.
Jefe Expedicionario Provisional."
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13.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 13.
"Orden General de
la Jefatura de Operaciones, expedida en
'La Marrana', del dia 5 al 6 de Mayo de
1931. ¶ Nómbrase Jefe de Día
de hoy para mañana, al hermano Teniente
Coronel Juan Altamirano, y para mañana
al que se designe. ¶
Servicio el acustumbrado. ¶
Comuniquese y Cumplase. ¶
Patria y Libertad ¶ Z.
Padilla R. ¶ Jefe
Espedicionario Provicional. ¶
Orden General de la Jefatura de
Operaciones, expedida en 'El Triunfo'
del día 8 al 9 mayo de 1931. ¶
Nómbrase Jefe de Día de hoy para mañana
al hermano Coronel Pedro Navarro y para
mañana el que se designe."
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14.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 14.
"Servicio
el de rigurosa campaña. ¶
Comuniquese y Cumplase. ¶
Patria y Libertad ¶ Z.
Padilla R. Jefe Expedicionario
Provisional. ¶ Orden General
de la Jefatura de Operaciones, expedida
en 'Quitriz', del dia 9 al 10 de mayo de
1931. ¶ Nómbrase Jefe de Dia
de hoy para mañana al hermano Sargento
Mayor Lázaro Salinas, y para mañana el
que se designe. ¶ Servicio
el de rigurosa campaña. ¶
Reconocerán como ayudante de esta
Jefatura de Operaciones, en reposición
del Sub-Teniente Ignacio Blandón Ríos,
al Sub-Teniente Cleto Centeno. ¶
Comuniquese y Cumplase."
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15.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 15.
"Patria y
Libertad ¶ Z. Padilla R.
¶ Jefe Espedicionario Provicional.
¶ Orden General expedida en el
Campamento de Operaciones militares de
la Columna No 3o para el dia 29 de Mayo
de 1931. ¶ Servicio el de
rigurosa campaña. Nombrase Oficial
de dia para hoy al Capitan Eudiviges
Vallecio y para mañana el que se
designe. ¶ Jefes, Oficiales
y Soldados. ¶ Como no se
habia podido haser la organizacion de la
Columna que esta vajo mi mando por
motivo que estava toda junta, hoy que ya
esta aqui la gente que habia quedado
bajo el mando del Coronel Blandon la
organizacion en la forma siguiente.
¶ La abansadia queda como primer
Jefe de ella el Capitan Eudiviges
Vallecio y como 2o
el que nombre el mismo Capital Vallecio.
¶ Artillería queda como primer
Jefe el Sargento Mayor Lasaro Salinas, 2o
el Capitan Adolfo Salinas, y como 3o
el que ellos quieran nombrar.
Estado Mayor 1o Jefe el Coronel Dionicio
Centeno, 2o
Jefe y como tercero el que se nombre.
Ayudantes del Jefe de operaciones 1o
ayudante el Teniente …"
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16.
29 May 1931.
Captured EDSN Guard Book on Atlantic
Coast Expedition, April-May 1931, led by
Generals Juan
Santos Morales, Zacarías Padilla & Pedro
Antonio Irías, p. 16.
"Primer Jefe de
la Retaguardia el Capitán Fernando Cruz,
como 2o y
3o los que
nombremos en la organización. ¶
Jefe de la gobernación de campo el que
nombremos verbalmente. ¶ Hoy
saldremos de este campamento con rumvo a
los campamentos del Coronel Tomás
Blandón, lugar donde decidiremos la ruta
que llevaremos. ¶ Me
concidero muy satisfecho con todos
nosotros, por haber aseptado con toda
voluntad que sea yo el 1o
Jefe de esta columna en reposición del
hermano Gral Pedro Blandón y que fui
nombrado por el Jefe Supremo, pues deben
estar Ud. seguros que en mi no
encontrarán diferencia como Jefe pues no
tengo el menor interés en molestar á
ninguno siempre que no haye motivos para
castigarles. Pues encargo la
disiplina en todo lo que sea ordenado
por la Jefatura de Operaciones; sean los
demas Jefes de cuerpo. ¶ Las
ordenes del 1o
y 2o Jefe
del Cuerpo serán comunicadas por los
ayudantes nombrados. ¶
Comuniquese y Cumplase. ¶ Patria y
Libertad ¶ Pedro A. Irías ¶
Gral de Brigada y Jefe Expedicionario"
[END]
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30 May 1931.
Letter from Gen.
C. B. Matthews, Jefe Director GN,
Managua, to Sr. don Manuel C. y Bordas,
Cabo Gracias a Dios, p. 1.
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30 May 1931.
Letter from Gen.
C. B. Matthews, Jefe Director GN,
Managua, to Sr. don Manuel C. y Bordas,
Cabo Gracias a Dios, p. 2.
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